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Joined 5 months ago
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Cake day: June 5th, 2025

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  • It’s a very high confidence in the statistical significance, but a relatively low effect (in that the difference between eating cured meats every day and eating no cured meats ever has roughly a 1% chance of making a difference in cancer incidence).

    Basically, about 4% of people who never eat cured meats get cancer in the GI tract (from throat to stomach to colorectal) at some point in their lifetimes, whereas people who eat cured meats every day get cancer in the GI tract about 5% of the time. On the one hand, that’s like a 20% increase in cancer risk, but on the other hand, that makes a difference to only about 1% of the population.



  • Look at the video of her running, posted on September 29. A video posted on September 27 also shows short clips of her standing or walking or sitting with knees bent, showing that her femurs and tibias are proportional length. There’s a video called rapture prep posted on September 22 that includes a thumbnail that is a side shot with her knees bent, showing the ratio of femur to tibia.

    I think it’s a normal proportioned short person whose camera angles tend to lengthen her upper body and shorten her lower body. And maybe a preference for high waisted pants that may trick the eye into thinking the hip hinge is higher than it is.


  • She’s just short. And this image is taken from pretty close, so that little changes in distance to camera make a big difference in apparent length.

    A typical smartphone camera’s default “1x” zoom tends to be a pretty wide lens with a short focal length. So you stand up close to your subject when taking pictures or video.

    And people’s faces tend to look better when shot from at least eye level, especially with wide lenses from up close.

    So if you imagine a 1.5 meter tall person photographed from 1.5 meters away, at height level, standing straight, the top 1/3 will take up about 18.435° of visual angle. The middle 1/3 will be 15.255°. And the bottom 1/3 will be 11.31°. So just like that, 0.5 meters can look 60% longer on the top portion of a subject than the exact same length, 0.5 meters, on the bottom of a subject.

    As a result, there’s a warped perspective where the things that are higher on a person’s body or torso look longer, and things that are lower are further away and therefore smaller.

    Bend the knees slightly and the difference becomes even more skewed.

    We don’t notice these things with our eyeballs because our visual cortex corrects for these things with a three dimensional model of the world around us, but still photos don’t go through that same processing when perceived, so sometimes perspective plays tricks on perceived size/distance.

    For a quick demonstration, pull out your phone and take a selfie from above your head, looking up at the camera. How small do your feet look, and does that match the real world appearance as you perceive them in real life?





  • The question was: how do gorillas get so muscular on a mostly plant based diet?

    The correct answer is: they eat a shitload of protein that is present in the plants they eat, by consuming 20-30% of their calories from protein and eating 25-40kg of food per day.

    Your answer included factually incorrect claims about how gorillas can synthesize any amino acid so that the concept of nutritionally essential amino acids don’t apply to them.


  • at no point rebuts the fact that the essential amino acids are themselves ultimately essential

    I’m taking issue with your claim that no specific amino acids are essential for gorillas. That’s wildly implausible, given that pretty much any animal studied has shown that animals all have essential amino acids, and that mammals generally require the same 9 amino acids as nutritionally essential. Even ruminants, whose gut microbes can synthesize many of the essential amino acids, still have issues if they don’t separately consume enough of those amino acids, because the rumen microbes can’t actually provide enough for their metabolic needs.

    Yes, essential amino acids are essential. No, gorillas are not some kind of sole exception in animals to that general principle. They just get enough from their relatively high protein plant diets.


  • because they can synthesize everything they need.

    What are you talking about. Pretty much every animal lacks the ability to synthesize certain amino acids. No animal can rearrange the carbon skeletons of 11 out of the 21 amino acids relevant to animal protein (cysteine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine), so the ability to synthesize certain amino acids necessarily relies on the presence of the amino acids that share the same carbon structure. See here, which talks about the essential/non-essential categorization as being outdated and needing to be understood as a sliding scale in which synthesizing even non-essential amino acids carries a cost, and that eating complete proteins in a species-appropriate ratio is still necessary for animals to thrive.

    Gorillas consume something like 20-30% of their calories from protein depending on the ratio of low protein fruit to high protein leaves in their diets. Their plant food sources just don’t have all that much in the way of energy, so even the small amounts of protein in any given leaf is made up for the fact that they’re eating up to 40 kg of food per day.

    The truth is, gorillas do consume quite a bit of protein. Plant matter, like pretty much any living organism, has protein. Leaves are relatively high in protein compared to other plant foods. Let’s not forget, broccoli has more protein per 100 calories than steaks do.

    So no, gorillas are not capable of freely synthesizing the amino acids they need. The truth is that they’re eating a lot of protein from various sources at different amino acid ratios and using those amino acids pretty efficiently.








  • We already do this, even when the original reference is forgotten.

    We use idioms that refer to Greek mythology (hanging over your head, as with the Sword or Damocles, or Achilles heel), or Bible stories (Judas meaning betrayal, shibboleth meaning some kind of identifier of membership in a group), or Shakespeare (pound of flesh), or horse racing (frontrunner, hands down, across the board) or other sports (bullseye, slam dunk, par).

    And in terms of our technology, we use all sorts of things that harken back to some obsolete technology. We use a save icon that is a floppy disk, a database icon that uses cylinder drum memory. We refer to the smartphone interface that enters phone numbers as a “dialer” from the “dial” in the days of rotary phones.