No, in America we distinguish between “preserves” (berries left whole, except for those that fall apart by themselves, or big chunks of peach or whatnot) “jam” (fruit is mashed, usually has the seeds but can be pushed and scraped through a strainer to remove them, but the pulp remains part of the finished product) and “jelly” (fruit is either juiced and double-strained /filtered before cooking or afterwards, finished product is transparent).

Marmalade is different because the pith of citrus fruits turns bitter with cooking, so you have to pare off thin strips of rind (the colored skin) and then squeeze the juice, and discard all the pulp before adding the sugar and cooking.

I’m pretty sure those categories are legal, and probably include percentages of fruit to sugar and water for commercial products, because they’re consistent in labeling at the grocery store.

Edit to add, jello is clear but gelatin not pectin and usually artificial fruit flavor unless you make it yourself from juice.